XI LOK SABHA DEBATES, Session IV (Budget)

XI LOK SABHA DEBATES, Session IV (Budget) 
XI LOK SABHA DEBATES, Session IV (Budget) Monday , May 12 , 1997 / Vaisakha 22 , 1919 (Saka)

Type of Debate: HALF-AN-HOUR DISCUSSION (RULE-55)
Title: Regarding Bauxite Mining. TEXT : 17.32 hrs.

MR. CHAIRMAN: The House was supposed to take up at 5.30 p.m. the Half-an-Hour discussion by Shri Bhagwan Shankar Rawat. But, I think, Shri Bhagwan Shankar Rawat has requested the Speaker for postponement and the Speaker has very kindly agreed to postpone the Half-an-Hour discussion raised by Shri Bhagwan Shankar Rawat.

After that, Shri K.P. Singh Deo is to raise a discussion on points arising out of the answer given by the Minister of Environment and Forests on 18.3.1997 to Unstarred Question No.3630 regarding Bauxite Mining.

Shri K.P. Singh Deo to speak now.

SHRI K.P.SINGH DEO (DHENKANAL): Sir, at the outset, I thank you for giving me an opportunity to raise this issue. This Half-an-Hour discussion was required because of the answer given to a very simple Unstarred Question, a very innocuous one. After making efforts for more than three months to get the Parliament Library to in turn get hold of this Report, I succeeded. There were a lot of media reports about people apprehending that the Upper Indravathy Multipurpose River Valley Project would be silted. In 1968, the Bachchawat Committee agreed to the transfer and diversion of water from the Krishna-Godavari Basin. Four Chief Ministers at that time, including Shri Shankar Rao Chavan,Shri Veugal Rao, Mrs. Nandini Satpathy and two other Chief Ministers, agreed to it. With the World Bank loan of Rs.1200 crore, this Irrigation Project came up. In fact, our erstwhile colleague Shri P.K. Deo, right from 1957 to 1980, had been demanding this Project. Shri Morarji Desai went and laid the foundation stone in 1978. For the last thirty years, the Kalahandi-Bolangir-Koraput districts, generally known as the KBK districts, have been synonymous with drought, starvation, migration and man-eating tigers. But this year, for the first time, they have got irrigation facility to irrigate up to 30,000 hectares, from the Indravati Project.

Therefore I had just asked a simple question. I wanted to know whether the Engineers India Limited, a public sector undertaking, had done an environmental impact analysis of this Baphalimali Bauxite Mining Project which is to come up in the catchment of Indiravati Project.But I was denied that information. That information was withheld not only from me but also from the Parliament Library for three months. Therefore, I have raised this Half-an-Hour discussion.

If one goes through the Annual Report of the Ministry of Environment and Forests, he will know about it. I should have thought that my good friend, the hon. Minister, should have been proud of the fact that he is presiding over a Ministry which is the nodal agency in the administrative structure of the Central Government for planning, promotion and coordination of environmental and forestry programmes. And, these tasks have been fulfilled through the Environmental Impact Assessment. That was the question.

In the Environmental Impact Assessment in Chapter IV, my good friend who laid the Report on the Table says:

"The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an important tool of management to ensuring optimal use of natural resources for sustainable development. It was introduced in our country initially for River Valley Projects in 1978-79 and then Since 1994. The EIA is now mandatory under the Environment Protection Act 1986 for 29 categories of development activities involving investment beyond certain threshold."

Then, there are appraisal committees for River Valley Multipurpose hydro-electric projects, mining projects, industrial projects, thermal power projects, infrastructural development, and nuclear power projects. Also, there is a system of monitoring.

Sir, I do not know why this Government which takes pride in claiming and preaching that it believes in transparency should have withheld this information from Members of Parliament. In fact, after trying for three months I could go through the reports. The Parliament Library, ultimately, got hold of it. I am very proud of the fact that such a fantastic Report has been given. It is a very competent and professional Report. It has gone into the entire gamut and I should have thought that his Ministry would have been proud to have the Report tabled in Parliament because as a geology student, I can only say that it is an "A-One Report". In fact, it has gone into everything. But why was it withheld? I think, there lies the catch because this Environmental Impact Assessment is confined only to 10 kilometres of radius,of Baphalimali Hill just on the fringe of the River Indiravati. It is because this mine is sought to be exploited for export and many other benefits. A lot of multinationals have come in. It is on the fringe of the catchment area of River Indiravati.

MR. CHAIRMAN: May I request the hon. Member to frame specific question on which he requires further elucidation?

SHRI K.P.SINGH DEO: As the Mover of Motion, if I do not tell you the reasons for raising it, it will not be proper. It is very important. It is a question of our livelihood.

MR. CHAIRMAN: It is only for half-an-hour and you have to leave some time for the Minister to give his reply.

SHRI K.P.SINGH DEO: I know, Sir. I will frame my question.

Every year we have been debating in this House about the drought in Kalahandi, Koraput and Bolangir areas. This project has been given environmental clearance in 1995, not by this Minister. What has been our past experience? The joint Orissa-Andhra Pradesh Machkund Hydel Project was started in 1950. Today only 25 per cent of the estimated power is being generated due to siltation. Hirakud Project in Orissa - completed in 1960, has been silted to 50 per cent from its bed and cannot be dredged due to the uncleared stumps fossilised in water. Rengali on river Brahmini - started in 1973 by Shrimati Indira Gandhi, has not irrigated an inch of land although the head works are completed and the river has been silted heavily up to 28 miles upstream displacing many prosperous villages. Heavy sedimentation is due to mining of iron-ore, manganese, dolomite and limestone in the catchment areas in the upper reaches. The Brahmini river and Mahanadi also come from Madhya Pradesh. Thanks to the efforts of the Government of Orissa, the left and right canals have received funds from the Central Government and the World Bank and I would like to thank the hon. Minister because the Ministry of Environment and Forests after a long delay ultimately gave the environmental and forestry clearance. Today works worth Rs.1800 crore are going on.

Against this background we are apprehensive because no answer has come. No reply indicates what sort of steps they have taken and what stipulations they have put while giving the environmental clearance. They are not talking anything about the forestry clearance. There are four reserved forests. I know that Rengali project was delayed by one year in the Environment and Forests Ministry because forestry clearance had not come. I took two meetings of the Advisory Committee to clear the Rengali project.

What are the precautionary, preventive and corrective steps that have been stipulated by the Ministry of Environment and Forests? This Report of the Engineers India is only a rapid environmental impact assessment. It is not the full detailed Report. It is based on that rapid environmental impact assessment where the Engineers India has also said that there are nine other Central Government organisations which are dealing with various aspects. I do not know who is coordinating them and who is trying to bring all the multifarious activities together. It is not a project of the Ministry of Environment and Forests; it belongs to the Department of Mines. But the nodal Ministry is the Ministry of Environment and Forests. So, I would like to know what are the preventive, deterrent and punitive steps the Government will take or the Ministry of Environment and Forests will take in case these multinationals and foreign capital which have come in, are going to violate the laws.

I have the paper. Since there is a paucity of time, I am not going fully into it. Three hundred and fifty projects in Orissa have been stopped because of the Supreme Court ruling, because they have violated the forestry laws and the environmental laws.

I have a Press clipping in The Indian Express dated 21st December, titled "An Uncleared Agenda". I will quote only bits and pieces.

"It is shocking to note that all the five projects examined by the National Environmental Engineering Research Institute under the Supreme Court order were found to be wanting in one way or the other. It has once again cast a shadow on the environmental clearance granted to projects by the Ministry of Environment and Forests."

MR. CHAIRMAN: You have to leave some time for the Minister's reply.

SHRI K.P.SINGH DEO: I must give you the meat.

"Even when projects are cleared, they are more often than not granted conditional clearance subject to several conditions being met. In her petition to the Supreme Court, Mrs. Maneka Gandhi, former Environment Minister had noted: `The novel technique of granting conditional environmental clearance on the basis of preliminary reports, rapid environmental impact assessment and cursory site inspection and the absence of any follow-up action and transparency in decision making is largely responsible for rapidly degrading environmental situation in the country. In half of the projects the MEF of course refused to take any action against erring project authorities or the State. These projects include not just the infamous Sardar Sarovar and Tehri Dams, but also others like Srisailam, Telugu-Ganga, Upper Krishna, Jaisamen, Rajghat, Chemara, Baspa, Dulhasti, Bansagar, Dantiwada, Sipu, Koina, Subarnarekha, Upper Indravati, Tista, Kopli, plus two hundred others."

This is the track record of the Ministry of Environment and Forests.

Therefore, we are worried.

MR. CHAIRMAN: I think, you are widening the scope of the Question.

SHRI K.P.SINGH DEO: I am not at all widening the scope.

MR. CHAIRMAN: Kindly restrict your question. If you would just allow me, I would read out the rules. The rule says:

"The member who has given notice may make a short statement and ... may ask a question for the purpose of further elucidating any matter of fact. Thereafter, the Minister shall reply shortly."

SHRI K.P.SINGH DEO: If you give me one more minute, I would conclude shortly.

MR. CHAIRMAN: You have taken fifteen minutes.

The rule also says:

"Provided that not more than four members who have previously intimated to the Secretary-General may be permitted to ask a question ..."

And the whole procedure is to take half-an-hour. I will request you to kindly frame your question.

SHRI K.P.SINGH DEO: I am on my last point. I will shortly frame my question, if you will allow me.

My last point is this. The Indravati project has cost Rs.1200 crore; four dams have come up; eight check dams have come up; a distributory has come up; the field channels have come up and it has irrigated 30,000 hectares of land this year. Is it going to be saved from siltation by effectively monitoring the stipulation which has been given by the Ministry of Environment and Forests? Or, are they going to take any safeguard as mentioned in the report submitted by Engineers India Limited?

Would you not give me time? They have said categorically that siltation will take place in the south-west escarpment, which goes straight into the catchment area of Indravati. Therefore, what are going to be the safeguards: preventive, deterrent and punitive action in future? I would like to know this because they have not taken any action so far.

Thank you very much.

MR. CHAIRMAN: I will first allow the other two hon. Members to ask a question. The hon. Minister can give a comprehensive reply after that.

Now, I call Professor Rasa Singh Rawat.

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The Govt. would modify the Mining Act where necessary for proper exploitation of minerals by the States -

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MR. CHAIRMAN : This Half-an-hour Discussion is a limited one.

SHRI RAJIV PRATAP RUDY: I agree with you, Sir.

MR. CHAIRMAN: It is limited to the question of bauxite mining; and please do not enlarge the scope of the Half-an-hour Discussion.

SHRI RAJIV PRATAP RUDY: It is not being enlarged.

Originally, four hon. Members would be allowed. Fortunately, today there are only two Members. So, some more time may be allowed for us.

MR. CHAIRMAN: There may be two Members or four Members. But the subject is linked to bauxite mining.

SHRI RAJIV PRATAP RUDY: No. Kindly excuse me. It is not related only to bauxite mining, it is also related to the Government clearance to it.

MR. CHAIRMAN: No. It is rather specifically linked only to the points arising out of the answers to Unstarred Question No.3630 of 18th March 1997.

SHRI RAJIV PRATAP RUDY: If you go into the background, Sir, you will understand it.

MR. CHAIRMAN: No. Please ask your question now.

SHRI RAJIV PRATAP RUDY: Let me deal with the subject first, Sir. Have you seen the background of it?

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MR. CHAIRMAN: It is because you want to enlarge the scope of this discussion.

SHRI RAJIV PRATAP RUDY: No. I was not enlarging. I was just telling those factors which were responsible.

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