What is the view of the Finance Ministry? Does it match? If we take different examples, then we can see that they do not match.

Before going into the details of the Approach Paper to the Ninth Five Year Plan, I just want to review the Eighth Five Year Plan in a nutshell. Some of the targets that have been set in the Eighth Five Year Plan have been achieved. If we take growth as an example, then the GDP growth rate was over six per cent whereas the target was only 5.6 per cent. What is it that we actually want to do? What is growth? If we consider growth as a numerical parameter keeping aside several other aspects of the development, then it is very difficult to assess the past five years' performance of the Eighth Five Year Plan. As I have already stated, the GDP growth rate was over six per cent in the Eighth Five Year Plan. But if we consider development in a broader aspect, as a multi-dimensional aspect, then we will find some different picture.

Yes, growth is there. But how many people are still below the poverty line? How many are unemployed? How many are illiterate? Growth took place, but what about these other developments? What about the people who are living below the poverty line? According to the estimates of the Lakkadwala Committee, 39 per cent of our population, which means 32 crores of people, is below the poverty line. If we measure our economy only in terms of growth, that too in some numerical parameters, then we cannot evaluate the whole thing.

I want to cite an example. I want to refer to the UNDP Survey on Human Development Index. Three main components -- knowledge, longevity and income -were taken as the parameters. What is our nation's position in the international map? They conducted the Survey in 174 countries, and India's position is 135 in the serial order.

Growth was there, but what about development? I would urge upon the Government not to measure everything in terms of growth. The Government should try to measure everything in terms of different aspects of development. If we consider the Budgets presented in the previous five years, the Eighth Five Year Plan and this year's Budget presented by the Finance Minister, the Approach Paper to the Ninth Five Year Plan and the Ninth Five Year Plan presented by two separate Governments, we will find two separate views. There is no link at all.

fs You will find that in the Ninth Five Year Plan, infrastructural matters have been emphasised a lot. Our Finance Minister also mentioned these points while delivering his speech at the time of presenting the annual Budget. But what is the view of the Finance Ministry? Sometimes, we used to hear that a particular project is unviable because it is making losses. Take the example of rural banks. We have many rural banks which are not in a position to make profit. But if we close down the rural banks only on the basis of this measure, then what will happen? Should we consider the rural banks only on the aspect of banking itself or are we to judge them from a social outlook? We have to judge them from a long-term planning outlook.

If you close down the rural banks, what will happen? The poor agriculturists have to borrow money from moneylenders. There will be mismanagement. Again there will be further concentration of land. Already 70 per cent of our land is owned by only 30 per cent of the total population and vice versa. Such type of concentration of land exists.

If now we close down all these rural banks, what will happen to the agricultural sector? How can we remove this imbalance? Here I can quote from the Approach Paper of the Ninth Five Year Plan on what is stated about the outlook of the Planning Commission. I quote: -

"The programme of action for land reforms in the Ninth Plan would include the following: -

(a) Detection as well as redistribution of ceiling surplus land;

(b) Updation of land records on a regular basis;

(d) Consolidation of holdings;

(e) Preventing alienation of tribal lands;"

And there are also some others.

What measures have been taken by the Government? All these points have been categorically emphasised in the Approach Paper of the Ninth Five Year Plan.

Let us consider another aspect of social sector development. You know the performance of the social sector development, that is, education, health, family welfare and women and child development. It completely depends upon the financial assistance, the budgetary support. But what is the figure? The Ninth Five Year Plan Approach Paper categorically emphasises that the Eighth Five Year Plan could not achieve the goal so far as social sector investment is concerned.

On education, the target was Rs.13,616 crore. What was the actual? It was Rs.8,553 crore.

On medical and public health, the target was Rs.5,263 crore. The actual was Rs.3,553 crore.

All the other sectors also have the same features.

In this year's Budget, it has been categorically stated by the Eighth Five Year Plan that 100 per cent literacy should be achieved within the Eighth Five Year Plan period and to achieve this, at least 3.5 lakh non-formal educational centres were needed, but only Rs.2.80 lakh has been sanctioned by the Government.

Because there was no money; there was no budgetary support. Here I can quote specifically from the Approach Paper to the Ninth Five Year Plan which says:

"The National Literacy Mission (NLM) with a mandate to make 100 million people literate in the age group of 15-35 by the year 1997 has achieved (1996) a target of 56.1 million."

Why could we not achieve that? What is our experience? What have we learnt from this? What has the Finance Ministry learnt from this? Even this year also, the Approach Paper to the Ninth Five year Plan specifically says and I quote:

"In the Ninth Plan, apart from carrying out the directions given by the National Policy on Education (1992), and keeping in view the declaration of education as an aspect of fundamental human right to life, making the nation fully literate by the year 2005 will be a committed goal."

About right to life, it has been categorically stated by my senior colleague Shri Shivraj V. Patil. Therefore, I should not go into the detail of the right to life. I further quote:

"Around 6 per cent of the GDP will be earmarked for the education sector by the year 2000 and 50 per cent of that will be spent on primary education."

This is contained in the Approach Paper to the Ninth Five Year Plan. What is the budgetary allocation? If six per cent of GDP has to be spent, it means that a sum of Rs.1,31,000 crore is to be spent on education only.

You know, Sir, that Education is in the Concurrent List. Therefore, for the sake of argument, if I consider that 50 per cent share is to be borne by the Central Government, then it comes to Rs.65,000 crore. We have to spend Rs.65,000 crore within the next Five Year Plan. Then, what will be the projection? It should be like this: Rs.10,500 crore in the 1997-98 Budget which has been presented and passed a few days back. So, Rs.10,500 crore is needed this year. In 1998-99, Rs.12,000 crore is needed. In 1999-2000, Rs.13,000 crore is needed and in 2000-2001, Rs.14,120 crore is needed. It will still need around Rs.15,500 crore. But what is the allocation made in the present Budget? It is only Rs.5,231.63 crore. How does it match with the Approach Paper to the Ninth Five Year Plan? Are the Financing and the Planning two parallel lines? The planning is in one direction and the Finance Ministry is going in some other direction. I am citing just a few examples. I can cite a lot of examples to point out that the Finance Ministry is not taking up matters, not taking up the Approach of the planned economy or the Planning Commission in the proper direction.

Therefore, I urge upon the Government to look into the Approach Paper to the Ninth Five Year Plan in the proper perspective. Do not go beyond it. We have to develop our country. If we have to develop our country, we have to have a long-term, planned economic strategy. Otherwise, we cannot develop. Therefore, I fully share with my senior colleague Shri Shivraj V. Patil that the Planning Commission should have a constitutional status. A constitutional status is to be given to the Planning Commission. Only some administrative

measures cannot make things work. Otherwise, these two separate parallel lines will move as they are moving now. Therefore, I would again urge upon the Government to give the Planning Commission a constitutional status.

With these lines, as the time does not permit me, I conclude. I thank you for giving me the opportunity.

PROF. PREM SINGH CHANDUMAJRA (PATIALA):

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